Synergistic Effect of Ternary Substitution in Na3V2(PO4)3 for High-Rate and Long-Life Anode-Free SIBs

at 0.5 and 10C, respectively. These results perfectly demonstrate the advantages of the superiority of ternary substitution on the NVP cathode. Moreover, sodium anode-free full cells of the cathode paired with Cu/SP foil showed impressive long-term cycling stability. This achievement lays a strong foundation for the use of NASICON cathodes with high charge-discharge rates and high energy density, making them a promising alternative to the next-generation lithium-ion batteries.