Passive metasurface gyrators combining chiral and gyromagnetic effects

Gyrators are essential for designing and optimizing high-frequency microwave systems. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate a passive metasurface gyrator that integrates chiral and gyromagnetic effects to achieve nonreciprocal phase shifting in free-space wave propagation. The device maintains a phase difference of approximately π between forward and backward transmissions over a frequency range from 8.55 to 9.15 GHz. It also operates effectively at oblique incidences for both transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) polarizations. This compact, passive metasurface gyrator offers promising applications in beam steering and wireless telecommunications.