New Product Development Collaboration within an Innovation Ecosystem: Coopetition, Trust, and Entrepreneurial Orientation

Drawing on the insights from entrepreneurship and innovation ecosystem literature, we explain the factors contributing to new product development collaboration in an innovation ecosystem. We analyze 85 dyadic, time-lag survey datasets from firms within an innovation ecosystem in Indonesia. We find that coopetition has a U-shaped effect on new product development collaboration, while trust has an inverted U-shaped effect on new product development collaboration. Furthermore, entrepreneurial orientation moderates the curvilinear impact of coopetition. In general, this research differentiates between coopetition and trust and examines their impact on new product development collaboration activities. More importantly, we identify an entrepreneurial orientation as a contingency factor regarding such impacts. Our work has important implications for entrepreneurial perspectives of innovation ecosystem theory and practice.