Interactions of Dehydrogenase Enzymes with Nanoparticles Industrial and Medical Applications and Challenges: Mini-review

: The general overview aimed to increase the current knowledge interactions between dehydrogenase enzymes and nanoparticles, and introduce dehydrogenases for industrial and health purposes. Nanoparticles (NPs) are particles constituting from 1 to 100 nm based on their size with a surrounding interfacial layer. Nanoparticle-Protein interactions include covalent and non-covalent attachments. Several dehydrogenase enzymes (e.g., alcohol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, leucine dehydrogenase, phenylalanine dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase) are used for immobilization by nanoparticles. Such as magnetic nanoparticles and quantum dots, represent attractive model systems for biological enzyme assemblies and design of bioanalytical sensors. Further, bioconjugation of nanoparticles with dehydrogenase enzymes has broad applications in biocatalysis and nanomedicine for drug discovery. However, studies on the characterization of nanoparticle-enzyme complexes accept apparent that the anatomy and action of enzymes are afflicted by the chemistry of nanoparticle ligand, size, actual, and labeling methods. Moreover, the nanoparticle-protein conjugation revealed increased/decreased enzymatic activity due to nanoparticle features. Thus, this work reviewed the findings of nanoparticle-enzyme interactions for nanotechnology applications and conjugation techniques. We also highlight several challenges associated with the nanoparticle-enzyme interactions, including stability and reusability of the enzymes in nanoparticle-enzyme formation.