半胱氨酸蛋白酶
细胞生物学
细胞凋亡
生物
内源性凋亡
颗粒酶
程序性细胞死亡
半胱氨酸蛋白酶2
聚ADP核糖聚合酶
细胞毒性T细胞
生物化学
DNA
穿孔素
聚合酶
体外
作者
Grzegorz Nalepa,E Zukowska-Szczechowska
出处
期刊:PubMed
日期:2002-01-01
卷期号:55 (1-2): 100-6
被引量:10
摘要
Apoptosis (genetically programmed cell death) plays a key role in human physiology and pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer. A suicide of cell can be initiated by many different factors, but activation of caspases, which are a special class of proteolytic enzymes, is always involved in this process. Activation of caspases may be achieved by several molecular pathways: the best known stimuli triggering caspase cascade are stimulation of Fas or TNF receptors, release of cytochrome c from the cellular mitochondria and exposure to granzymes, which are secreted by cytotoxic T cells. Activated caspases digest many cellular proteins responsible for cell cycle regulation (e.g. RB, MDM2), DNA damage recognition and repair (e.g. DNA-PK, P53, PARP), and regulation of the cellular structure (e.g. actin and lamins). All these functional and structural protein modifications lead directly to apoptosis. Further research on the mechanisms controlling caspase activity and the modes of action will provide better insight into pathogenesis of cancer and other disorders. It may be even the first step to design new and more efficient methods of conventional tumor treatment or gene therapy.
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