Ternary electrochemiluminescence biosensor based on black phosphorus quantum dots doped perylene derivative and metal organic frameworks as a coreaction accelerator for the detection of chloramphenicol

In this work, a sensitive and selective electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor was developed using an enhancing mechanism of the metal–organic frameworks (Co-Ni/MOF) in the perylene derivative (BP/PTC-NH2)/peroxydisulfate (S2O82-) system for chloramphenicol (CAP) assay. Firstly, black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) were synthesized and added into the precursor solution of PTC-NH2 to synthesize BPQDs doped PTC-NH2 nanoparticles (BP/PTC-NH2), which were acted as the ECL emitters. Co-Ni/MOF with excellent encapsulation effect and catalytic effect, can react with co-reactants (K2S2O8) to produce more SO4•-, thus the ECL signal of the compound was obviously raised by 3.8 times greater than single BP/PTC-NH2, achieving signal amplification of the ECL system. In the presence of chloramphenicol, we can see a considerable enhancement of signal, it could be attributed to aptamer recognition resulted the aptamer pulling down from the sensing interface by CAP. Therefore, based on this enhancement effect and the specific recognition function of aptamer, a sensitive ECL aptamer sensor was designed for CAP detection. Under optimal conditions, the aptasensor can quantify the concentration of CAP from 1.0 × 10-13 to 1.0 × 10-6 M with low limit of detection of 2.9 × 10-14 M (S/N = 3). Besides, the developed ECL aptasensor could selectively detect CAP in a mixture containing CAP interference compounds, which demonstrated its potential to detect other antibiotics in aquatic environment.