Translational Boundaries as Incipient Ferrielectric Domains in Antiferroelectric PbZrO3

In the archetypal antiferroelectric ${\mathrm{PbZrO}}_{3}$, antiparallel electric dipoles cancel each other, resulting in zero spontaneous polarization at the macroscopic level. Yet in actual hysteresis loops, the cancellation is rarely perfect and some remnant polarization is often observed, suggesting the metastability of polar phases in this material. In this work, using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy methods on a ${\mathrm{PbZrO}}_{3}$ single crystal, we uncover the coexistence of the common antiferroelectric phase and a ferrielectric phase featuring an electric dipole pattern of $\ensuremath{\downarrow}\ensuremath{\uparrow}\ensuremath{\downarrow}$. This dipole arrangement, predicted by Aramberri et al. to be the ground state of ${\mathrm{PbZrO}}_{3}$ at 0 K, appears at room temperature in the form of translational boundaries. The dual nature of the ferrielectric phase, both a distinct phase and a translational boundary structure, places important symmetry constraints on its growth. These are overcome by sideways motion of the boundaries, which aggregate to form arbitrarily wide stripe domains of the polar phase embedded within the antiferroelectric matrix.