A Novel Electric Vehicle Thermal Management System Based on Charging Station Heat Pump System During Fast Charging

Abstract A battery thermal management system based on a charging station heat pump system is proposed to improve battery charging efficiency during high-power direct current charging. The system provides coolant of appropriate temperature through the charging station heat pump system. It enables the battery to be charged at the optimal temperature for charging, which improves the charging efficiency and reduces the charging time. The two system models are modeled and analyzed using numerical simulation software, and the temperature characteristics and charging time of the proposed system and the original battery thermal management system based on the electric vehicle heat pump system are analyzed under five different temperature conditions. The results show that the proposed system has a higher efficiency, through different ambient temperatures, we can find that at a low temperature of −20 °C, compared with the original system, the efficiency of the system is particularly significant, and can save 24.6％ charging time. At various ambient temperatures, the maximum temperature of the battery can be maintained at 50 °C to maintain a good state. Comparing the charging time for the power battery at each stage, the proposed system mainly reduces the charging time in the range of 0–20% of the battery state of charge compared to the original system.