Overview of mouthfeel from the perspective of sensory scientists in industry

Mouthfeel is vital in consumer acceptance of foods and beverages. Despite the critical role mouthfeel plays in product development, the concept is often poorly understood and subject to various interpretations. Within this review, five topics of interest are discussed to provide a better understanding of the mouthfeel attribute-the definition, the perception, the importance, the influencing factors, and the methods of measurement of mouthfeel. Mouthfeel encompasses multiple attributes. Although mouthfeel attributes perceived through physical and chemical perceptions, such as cooling and heating, are understood as mouthfeel, attributes perceived through mechanoreceptors, such as creaminess and thickness, are more challenging due to varying opinions on texture and mouthfeel. Other factors, like food composition and temperature, are also vital in understanding the overall effect of mouthfeel in food and beverages. Including all perceived attributes and factors is important for consumer acceptance of products and for developing consistent evaluation of products. Other topics to consider include the dynamic aspects of oral processing and cultural backgrounds as these topics create additional intricacies in defining and understanding mouthfeel perception. Despite the lack of instrumental methodology available to measure mouthfeel attributes, trained panelists can be used to predict facets of mouthfeel in the eating experience. When designing sensory testing for trained panelists, experimental conditions and a product-specific lexicon are important factors to consider. Overall, understanding of the mouthfeel attributes and their role in consumer preference for different types of food and beverages continues to evolve.