CAR-NK cell therapy: latest updates from the 2024 ASH annual meeting

Natural killer cells, integral to the innate immune response, exhibit the inherent capacity to identify and eliminate cancer cells without prior exposure, positioning them as prime candidates for immunotherapeutic strategies. Chimeric antigen receptor-engineered natural killer (CAR-NK) cells obviate the requirement for human leukocyte antigen compatibility, simplifying personalized schedules and facilitating the manufacture of off-the-shelf products. In addition, CAR-NK cell therapy possesses lower risk of cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity, benefitting patients with higher security. Nevertheless, CAR-NK cell therapy is also confronted with challenges, including but not limited to short lifespan and restrictions from tumor microenvironment. Here, we summarized the latest advancements in the preclinical investigations and clinical trials of CAR-NK cell therapy from the 2024 ASH Annual Meeting.