Early-term heterogeneous trajectories of patient-reported outcome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a multicenter and prospective longitudinal study

Abstract Aims To explore the longitudinal trajectories of patient-reported outcome (PRO) and identify variables associated with these trajectories in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods and results This multicenter, prospective, longitudinal cohort study assessed the health status of PCI patients using the patient-reported outcome instruments for chronic disease–coronary heart disease at baseline, 7 days, 1 month, and 3 months post-operatively. Baseline characteristics were collected through general information questionnaires. Growth mixture modelling (GMM) was applied to estimate PRO trajectories and logistic regression analyses were used to identify their predictors. A total of 353 patients were included in the analysis, revealing three distinct PRO trajectory classes: moderate-level rapid recovery group (86.4%), low-level slow recovery group (5.10%), and high-level continuous deterioration group (8.50%). Logistic regression identified living status, admission diagnosis, diabetes, sleep medications history, and sleep quality as significant predictors for those trajectories. Conclusion Patient-reported outcome trajectories within 3 months post-PCI show considerable heterogeneity, influenced by a range of disease-specific, healthy lifestyle, and sociodemographic factors. These findings underscore the importance of personalized, targeted interventions to optimize patient health outcomes.