Benchmark Glycan Profile of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies Produced by Mammalian Cell Expression Systems

Abstract Purpose This study aims to establish a benchmark glycan profile for commercial therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Methods We conducted a rigorous comparison of glycosylation data from the regulatory submissions for FDA-approved therapeutic antibodies up to May 2023. This analysis includes over 150 mAbs produced by various mammalian cell expression systems. Results The study identified nine prevalent glycan epitopes across all FDA-approved monoclonal antibodies produced by different expression systems. These epitopes include terminal N-acetylglucosamine, core fucose, terminal galactose, high mannose, α-galactose, terminal α2,3-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid, terminal α2,6-linked N-glycolylneuraminic acid, triantennary structure, and bisecting N-acetylglucosamine, thus establishing a benchmark glycan profile. Conclusions The findings of this study have significant implications for therapeutic antibody development, quality control, and regulatory compliance. The benchmark glycan profile enables the assessment of glycosylation consistency and comparability across a diverse range of antibody products, ensuring improved product quality within the biopharmaceutical industry.