Fundamentals of metal–organic frameworks

Green synthetic pathways are a prerequisite for a larger implementation of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) towards a sustainable approach leading to the better reproducibility of the novel, selective and efficient MOFs. Advancing progress in the synthesis of MOFs proceeding through greener and water-based pathways will not only overcome the pertaining challenges erupting from the traditional conventional synthetic procedures but will provide a brighter scope in the betterment of the environment and economic impacts. The last three decades have seen a rapid increase in the study of MOFs especially focused on the synthetic pathways and industrial applications and commercialization of desired MOFs. To familiarize with the developed and emerging synthetic procedures, one needs to have a very clear and distinct understanding of the fundamentals of MOF. This chapter presents a concise study of multiple concepts which are essential to apprehend all the necessary points associated with the detailed study of the fundamentals of MOF. The essential parameters around which the MOF chemistry is based are discussed ranging from the introductory part and past trends to the categoric selection of specific properties leading to the development of newer and advanced applications in the same field.