Urbanization and fragmentation mediate temperate forest carbon cycle response to climate

环境科学 气候变化 温带雨林 碎片(计算) 城市化 碳汇 温室气体 温带气候 碳循环 温带森林 农林复合经营 固碳 城市森林 地理 自然地理学 生态学 生态系统 林业 二氧化碳 生物
作者
Andrew B. Reinmann,Ian A. Smith,Jonathan R. Thompson,Lucy R. Hutyra
出处
期刊:Environmental Research Letters [IOP Publishing]
卷期号:15 (11): 114036-114036 被引量:45
标识
DOI:10.1088/1748-9326/abbf16
摘要

Abstract Forest fragmentation is ubiquitous across urban and rural areas. While there is mounting evidence that forest fragmentation alters the terrestrial carbon cycle, the extent to which differences in ambient growing conditions between urban and rural landscapes mediate forest response to fragmentation and climate remains unexamined. This study integrates field measurements of forest structure, growth, and soil respiration with climate data and high-resolution land-cover maps to quantify forest carbon storage and sequestration patterns along edge-to-interior gradients. These data were used to contrast the response of temperate broadleaf forests to non-forest edges within rural and urban landscapes. We find that forest growth rates in both rural and urban landscapes nearly double from the forest interior to edge. Additionally, these edge-induced enhancements in forest growth are not offset by concurrent increases in total soil respiration observed across our sites. Forest productivity generally increases near edges because of increases in leaf area, but elevated air temperature at the edge tempers this response and imparts greater sensitivity of forest growth to heat. In particular, the adverse impacts of heat on forest growth are two to three times larger in urban than rural landscapes. We demonstrate that the highly fragmented nature of urban forests compared to rural forests makes them a stronger carbon sink per unit area, but also much more vulnerable to a warming climate. Collectively, our results highlight the need to include the effects of both urbanization and fragmentation when quantifying regional carbon balance and its response to a changing climate.
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