Simulated gastrointestinal digestion of camel and bovine casein hydrolysates: Identification and characterization of novel anti-diabetic bioactive peptides

Camel milk proteins are an important substrate for bioactive peptides generation. This study investigates in-vitro antidiabetic effect (via inhibition of α-amylase (AA), α-glucosidase (AG) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV)) of bovine (BC) and camel casein (CC) hydrolysates. Further, effect of simulated gastrointestinal digestion (SGID) on inhibitory potential of generated hydrolysates was also explored. Both BC and CC hydrolysates displayed potent inhibitory properties against AA (IC50 value- 0.58 & 0.59 mg/mL), AG (IC50 value- 1.04 & 0.59 mg/mL) and DPP-IV (IC50 value- 0.62 & 0.66 mg/mL), respectively. Among different peptides identified in BC and CC hydrolysates, it was observed that FLWPEYGAL was predicted to be most potent inhibitory peptide against AA. While LPTGWLM, MFE and GPAHCLL as most active inhibitor of AG and HLPGRG, QNVLPLH and PLMLP were predicted to be active against DPP-IV. Overall, BC and CC hydrolysates can be proposed to be used in different food formulations as functional antidiabetic agents.