Review—Synthesis and Electrochemical Applications of Molybdenum Carbide: Recent Progress and Perspectives

In this review, we summarize the latest research progress on Mo 2 C based materials for various electrochemical applications. It starts with discussing the different synthesis methods and the tactics for modifying the physicochemical characteristics of Mo 2 C. In addition, the variables that influence the morphology and electrochemical performance of Mo 2 C have been explored. The synthesis methods are examined based on their tricks, benefits, and drawbacks, including solid-gas, solid-solid, solid-liquid, and some other processes (chemical vapor deposition, Sonochemical, microwave-assisted, plasma, etc.). Methods that are safe, cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and suited for large-scale production of Mo 2 C are given special consideration. The solid-solid reaction is found to be a facile and cost-effective method to synthesize Mo 2 C structures having high surface area and small particle size. Also, the various electrochemical applications of Mo 2 C are reviewed. Mo 2 C is an extremely active and durable electrocatalyst mainly for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The electrochemical parameters such as activity, stability, etc., are examined and described in detail. The possible ways to improve the electrochemical performance of Mo 2 C are discussed. Finally, the difficulties in developing Mo 2 C nanostructures that are suited for energy storage and conversion applications are discussed.