亚硝胺
致癌物
原水
化学
环境化学
臭氧
环境卫生
次氯酸钠
人口
毒理
环境工程
环境科学
医学
生物
有机化学
作者
Zhiyuan Chen,Lan Yang,Yu-Shan Huang,Peter S. Spencer,Weiwei Zheng,Ying Zhou,Shize Jiang,Weimin Ye,Yuxin Zheng,Weidong Qu
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.est.8b07363
摘要
N-Nitrosamines are drinking water disinfection byproducts that pose a high carcinogenic risk. We hypothesized that raw water treatment processes influence the types and concentrations of nitrosamines in drinking water, thereby posing differential health risks. We compared the finished water of two water treatment plants (WTP-A, WTP-B) serving Shanghai, China. Both plants use the Qingcaosha reservoir as a water source to generate drinking water with conventional but distinct treatment processes, namely preoxidation with sodium hypochlorite (WTP-A) vs ozone (WTP-B). Average nitrosamine concentrations, especially that of the probable human carcinogen (2A) N-nitrosodimethylamine, were higher in finished (drinking) water from WTP-A (35.83 ng/L) than from WTP-B (5.07 ng/L). Other differences in mean nitrosamines in drinking water included N-nitrosodipropylamine (42.62 ng/L) and N-nitrosomethylethylamine (26.73 ng/L) in WTP-A in contrast to N-nitrosodiethylamine (7.26 ng/L) and N-nitrosopyrrolidine (59.12 ng/L) in WTP-B. The estimated adult cancer risk from exposure to mixed nitrosamines was 1.83 times higher from WTP-A than from WTP-B drinking water. Children exposed to nitrosamines had a significantly higher cancer risk than adults (p < 0.05). Disease burden exceeded 106 person-years. Taken together, these data suggest that use of ozone in the preoxidation step can reduce nitrosamine formation in drinking water and thereby lower the population cancer health risk.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI