Overall survival of intensive care unit patients with hematological malignancies: A 5-year retrospective study.

e19560 Background: Patients diagnosed with hematological malignancies (HM) can develop acute life-threatening conditions that require intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The aim of this study is to determine the overall survival rate in patients diagnosed with HM who are admitted in the ICU, and to evaluate the predictors of poor outcomes. Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort included 45 critical ill patients with HM admitted to the ICU between January 2010 and December 2015. Data were collected from the ICU records and evaluated in-hospital mortality predictors by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Most of the patients had advance stages of HM (75.0%) and received chemotherapy during the last three months before the ICU admission (69.8%). The most common HM found was non-Hodgkin lymphoma (35.4%), followed by acute lymphocytic leukemia (28.9%) and acute myeloid leukemia (17.8%); other types of HM included chronic myeloid leukemia (6.7%), myelodysplastic syndrome (4.4%), Hodgkin lymphoma (4.4%), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2.2%). The median sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score calculated at ICU admission was 10.5±4.4. Mortality rate of HM patients hospitalized in the ICU was 50% at sixth day but increased up to 80.0% after a prolonged stay at the ICU. Sepsis (64.4%) and acute respiratory failure (22.2%) were the major reasons for ICU admission. After the stepwise multivariate regression analysis, three independent predictors for mortality in HM patients admitted to the ICU were identified: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group -ECOG- performance score (odds ratio [OR], 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.99-2.31; p = 0.056), arterial hypertension (OR, 4.18; CI, 1.85-12.50; p = 0.0012), and SOFA score at admission (OR, 5.57; CI, 1.08-1.34; p = 0.00082). Conclusions: This study showed a statistically significant impact of arterial hypertension, SOFA score at admission and ECOG performance score in HM patients admitted to ICU. Further studies are necessary to assess the sepsis, nutritional status, other reasons to transfer to the ICU as significant predictors of high-mortality in HM patients admitted to the ICU.