薄荷醇
电子烟
欧洲联盟
风味
化学
毒理
包装和标签
质谱法
气相色谱-质谱法
食品科学
环境化学
环境卫生
色谱法
医学
有机化学
业务
经济政策
营销
生物
生物化学
作者
Charis Girvalaki,Manolis Tzatzarakis,Christina N Kyriakos,Alexander Vardavas,Polychronis Stivaktakis,Matthaios Kavvalakis,Aristidis Tsatsakis,Constantine Vardavas
标识
DOI:10.1080/08958378.2018.1527879
摘要
Background: The aim of the present study was to identify the composition and reported chemical health hazards of the most common electronic cigarette liquids (e-liquids) in nine European Union (EU) Member States (MS) prior to adoption of the Tobacco Product Directive (TPD).Materials and methods: Within the Horizon2020, EUREST-PLUS study, 122 of the most commonly sold e-liquids in 9 EU MS were randomly selected and purchased. A quantitative and qualitative chemical analysis was performed using a previously validated based gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry method. The most commonly detected compounds were then divided according to the Danger Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) and Warning GHS codes.Results: Within our qualitative analysis, 171 different compounds were detected. Discrepancies in measured versus reported nicotine concentration were identified. Forty-one (85.4%) of the most commonly detected compounds were registered with Warning GHS codes, 11 with Danger GHS codes and 9 with both codes. Of the total number of the detected compounds, 293 were attributable to fruits flavor, followed by tobacco flavor (204), nonalcoholic drinks (n = 64), desserts–sweets (n = 50), menthol – mint (n = 42) and alcohol (n = 39). Menthol which is classified as a strong irritant to skin and eye was the most frequently detected compound.Conclusion: A large plethora of compounds with varying warning codes was identified in e-cigarette samples. The systematic monitoring and chemical evaluation of e-liquids are warranted, so as to ensure consumer protection.
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