This paper takes elite boating athletes as research subjects,and peripheral subset of T lymphocyte and plasma immunoglobulin as indexes to examine the effect of oral glutamine supplement on function of immune system during long-term maximal training load,and to study possible effect of long-term low dose oral glutamine on diminishing the immune suppression.The result shows that the number of subset of suppressive T lymphocyte decreases and CD 4+/CD 8+ ratio increases significantly in glutamine group.It suggests that oral glutamine supplement may reduce the effect of long-term maximal training load on the balance of immune system,diminish the degree of immune suppression,helps to keep the normal balance of immune system.Oral glutamine supplement may increase the volume of resting serum immunoglobulin.