抗毒素
生物膜
生物
枯草芽孢杆菌
微生物学
毒素
细菌
多细胞生物
基因
细胞生物学
遗传学
作者
Zohar Bloom-Ackermann,Nitai Steinberg,Gili Rosenberg,Yaara Oppenheimer‐Shaanan,Dan Pollack,Shir Ely,Nimrod Storzi,Asaf Levy,Ilana Kolodkin‐Gal
标识
DOI:10.1111/1462-2920.13471
摘要
Toxin-antitoxin modules are gene pairs encoding a toxin and its antitoxin, and are found on the chromosomes of many bacteria, including pathogens. Here, we characterize the specific contribution of the TxpA and YqcG toxins in elimination of defective cells from developing Bacillus subtilis biofilms. On nutrient limitation, defective cells accumulated in the biofilm breaking its symmetry. Deletion of the toxins resulted in accumulation of morphologically abnormal cells, and interfered with the proper development of the multicellular community. Dual physiological responses are of significance for TxpA and YqcG activation: nitrogen deprivation enhances the transcription of both TxpA and YqcG toxins, and simultaneously sensitizes the biofilm cells to their activity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that while both toxins when overexpressed affect the morphology of the developing biofilm, the toxin TxpA can act to lyse and dissolve pre-established B. subtilis biofilms.
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