Broadband Mie scattering effects by structural features of setae from the Saharan silver ant Cataglyphis bombycina

The Saharan desert ant Cataglyphis bombycina is densely covered with shiny silver setae (hair-like structures). Their appearance was explained by geometric optics and total internal reflection [ Plos One 11 , e0152325 ( 2016 ) POLNCL 1932-6203 10.1371/journal.pone.0152325 ]. The setae also increase the emissivity of the ant, as they form an effective medium [ Science 349 , 298 ( 2015 ) SCIEAS 0036-8075 10.1126/science.aab3564 ]. This work provides additional data on microstructural details of the setae that are used to simulate the scattering of an individual seta to explain their influence on the optical properties. This is achieved by characterization of their structure using light microscopy and scanning/transmission electron microscopy. How the microstructural features influence scattering is investigated wave-optically within the limits of finite-difference time-domain simulations from the ultraviolet to the mid-infrared spectral range to elucidate the optical effects beyond ray optics and effective medium theory. The results show that Mie scattering plays an important role in protecting the ant from solar radiation and could be relevant for its thermal tolerance.