肝毒素
环境科学
蓝毒素
富营养化
水质
环境化学
微囊藻毒素
蓝藻
地表水
虎耳草毒素
亚热带
水文学(农业)
生态学
环境工程
生物
化学
毒素
生物化学
遗传学
岩土工程
营养物
细菌
工程类
作者
Kevin M. Stroski,Daniel L. Roelke,Crista M. Kieley,Rokjin J. Park,Kathryn L. Campbell,N. Hagen Klobusnik,Jordan R. Walker,Sierra E. Cagle,Jessica Labonté,Bryan W. Brooks
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.est.3c06798
摘要
Though toxins produced during harmful blooms of cyanobacteria present diverse risks to public health and the environment, surface water quality surveillance of cyanobacterial toxins is inconsistent, spatiotemporally limited, and routinely relies on ELISA kits to estimate total microcystins (MCs) in surface waters. Here, we employed liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to examine common cyanotoxins, including five microcystins, three anatoxins, nodularin, cylindrospermopsin, and saxitoxin in 20 subtropical reservoirs spatially distributed across a pronounced annual rainfall gradient. Probabilistic environmental hazard analyses identified whether water quality values for cyanotoxins were exceeded and if these exceedances varied spatiotemporally. MC-LR was the most common congener detected, but it was not consistently observed with other toxins, including MC-YR, which was detected at the highest concentrations during spring with many observations above the California human recreation guideline (800 ng/L). Cylindrospermopsin was also quantitated in 40% of eutrophic reservoirs; these detections did not exceed a US Environmental Protection Agency swimming/advisory level (15,000 ng/L). Our observations have implications for routine water quality monitoring practices, which traditionally use ELISA kits to estimate MC levels and often limit collection of surface samples during summer months near reservoir impoundments, and further indicate that spatiotemporal surveillance efforts are necessary to understand cyanotoxins risks when harmful cyanobacteria blooms occur throughout the year.
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