Electrospinning Process Parameters and application: a review

The provided text selection describes the fundamentals of the electrospinning process and its applications in various fields. It explains the process parameters, such as solution properties, processing conditions, and mechanical/physical parameters, that can be manipulated to stabilize the nanofiber production. The electrospinning process involves a high voltage power supply, a syringe pump, a syringe, a spinneret, and a metal collector. Increasing the intensity of the electrical field causes the formation of a conical shape known as the Taylor cone, from which a charged jet of fluid is ejected. The polymer jet undergoes an elongation process, reducing its diameter as the solvent evaporates. Stable environmental conditions are crucial for obtaining high-quality nanofibers. The electrospinning process parameters can be manipulated in three main categories: solution properties (viscosity, surface tension, and vapor pressure), processing conditions (voltage level, distance from needle tip to collector, needle diameter, feed rate, and collector type), and mechanical/physical parameters (such as the type of polymer and suitable solvents). Additionally, the text discusses the use of multiple syringes (needles) in electrospinning, spinners (flat and coaxial), and their impact on fiber morphology. It also highlights various applications of electrospun nanofibers in electronic devices, sensors, filtration, and drug delivery.