Coupled Analysis of Safety Risks in Bridge Construction Based on N-K Model and SNA

Bridge construction accidents are often caused by a variety of factors, so it is particularly important to explore the role mechanism of bridge construction accident risk factors to effectively prevent construction safety accidents and ensure the smooth construction of bridges. We collect the causes of bridge construction accidents in China from 2006 to 2023, take 126 typical cases as research samples, analyze the primary risk factors of bridge construction from four aspects (human factors, equipment factors, management factors, and environmental factors), establish a library of secondary risk factors with reference to the literature research, introduce the theory of risk coupling, and analyze the coupling mechanism and types of risk factors of bridge construction accidents. The N-K random Boolean network model (N-K model) quantifies the coupling relationship between risk factors, assesses the risk level, and uses social network analysis (SNA) to analyze the network of bridge construction accident risk factors. The results indicate that the more factors involved in risk coupling, the greater the safety risks in bridge construction. Human factors are susceptible to the influence of other elements, and environmental and management factors can directly or indirectly impact other factors. In addition, operational errors, a lack of supervision and management, inadequate safety inspections, poor management personnel, and insufficient technical capabilities are also key risk factors that need to be prevented and controlled.