Advanced Electrocatalyst Supports for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers

Large-scale adoption of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs) is hindered by limited durability of costly anodic iridium (Ir) electrocatalysts. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a strategy that can decrease the Ir loadings without compromising performance and stability for extended applications of PEMWEs. Employing a high-surface-area conductive and corrosion-resistant catalyst support can enhance the dispersion of low Ir loading, thereby maximizing the active site density and stabilizing the catalyst under harsh operating conditions. In this review, we explore the crucial role of a catalyst support for oxygen evolution electrocatalysts by summarizing the distinct properties of various catalyst supports such as composition, surface area, conductivity, anticorrosion and strong catalyst–support interactions. Finally, we articulate our perspectives on future research directions, emphasizing the durability, synergy between electrocatalyst and support for scale-up fabrication of PEMWEs.