Catalyst Activation of Peroxymonosulfate for Reactive Species Generation and Organic Pollutant Degradation: A Mini Review

This review focuses on the application and mechanisms of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) inadvanced oxidation processes (AOPs). It clarifies the significance of PMS in degrading organic pollutants,highlighting its high efficiency in treating persistent contaminants, such as antibiotics. Thereview details the roles and mechanisms of various catalysts, including single-atom catalysts, metaloxides, non-metal oxides and their composites, as well as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), inactivating PMS. It emphasizes the influence of catalyst surface active sites on both radical and nonradicalactivation pathways. Key factors affecting PMS activation efficiency, such as PMS concentration,pH value, coexisting ions, and temperature, are examined to underline the importance ofoptimizing these parameters for effective reaction conditions. By synthesizing existing research, thereview not only illustrates the extensive application potential of PMS in AOPs but also identifiesfuture research challenges and directions. This provides a theoretical foundation and technical supportfor developing efficient, economical, and sustainable water treatment technologies.