Anti-inflammatory, but not lipid-lowering, activity of hepatocyte PPARα improves atherosclerosis in Ldlr- deficient mice

. Mechanistically, ligand-activated hepatocyte-specific transrepressive PPARα activity decreased the pro-inflammatory phenotype of hepatocytes, lowered the recruitment of leukocytes in the liver, reduced plasma IL-1β concentrations, and decreased atherosclerotic plaque macrophage content. These findings identify a distal effect of hepatic PPARα on vascular integrity rather linked to its anti-inflammatory activity than its lipid-lowering actions and highlight an essential role of targeting inflammation in CVD.