Phase diagram of superconducting vortex ratchet motion in a superlattice with noncentrosymmetry

Ratchet motion of superconducting vortices, which is a directional flow of \nvortices in superconductors, is highly useful for exploring quantum phenomena \nand developing superconducting devices, such as superconducting diode and \nmicrowave antenna. However, because of the challenges in the quantitative \ncharacterization of the dynamic motion of vortices, a phase diagram of the \nvortex ratchet motion is still missing, especially in the superconductors with \nlow dimensional structures. Here we establish a quantitative phase diagram of \nthe vortex ratchet motion in a highly anisotropic superlattice superconductor, \n(SnS)1.17NbS2, using nonreciprocal magnetotransport. The (SnS)1.17NbS2, which \npossesses a layered atomic structure and noncentrosymmetry, exhibits \nnonreciprocal magnetotransport in a magnetic field perpendicular and parallel \nto the plane, which is considered a manifest of ratchet motion of \nsuperconducting vortices. We demonstrated that the ratchet motion is responsive \nto current excitation, magnetic field and thermal perturbation. Furthermore, we \nextrapolated a giant nonreciprocal coefficient ({\\gamma}), which quantitatively \ndescribes the magnitude of the vortex ratchet motion, and eventually \nestablished phase diagrams of the ratchet motion of the vortices with a \nquantitative description. Last, we propose that the ratchet motion originates \nfrom the coexistence of pancake vortices (PVs) and Josephson vortices (JVs). \nThe phase diagrams are desirable for controlling the vortex motion in \nsuperlattice superconductors and developing next-generation energy-efficient \nsuperconducting devices.