医学
更年期
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停
缺氧(环境)
气道阻塞
呼吸暂停
睡眠呼吸暂停
激素
内科学
气道
生理学
心脏病学
外科
有机化学
化学
氧气
作者
Elisa Perger,Paola Mattaliano,Carolina Lombardi
出处
期刊:Maturitas
[Elsevier]
日期:2019-06-01
卷期号:124: 35-38
被引量:47
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.02.011
摘要
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic and common adult disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of upper-airway obstruction and reopening during sleep. OSA is associated with intermittent hypoxia, sympathetic overactivity, oxidative stress and high cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. It is known to be more common in men than women, partly due to differences in anatomy and functional respiratory components. There are also gender differences in reported symptoms, leading to potential under-diagnosis in females. This gender difference tends to decrease after menopause, demonstrating a role of menopausal status itself in OSA phenotypes. Aging, fat mass distribution, sex hormones and upper-airway collapsibility are postulated to play a major role in these findings. This review focuses on the most recent studies exploring gender differences in the prevalence, pathogenesis and clinical features of OSA. It discusses the role of menopause in this, and explore the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
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