医学
免疫疗法
三阴性乳腺癌
肿瘤科
乳腺癌
癌症研究
癌症免疫疗法
癌症
免疫系统
肿瘤微环境
内科学
作者
Rida Fatima Ahmed,Farwah Jameel,Muhammad Irfan
标识
DOI:10.1615/critrevimmunol.2019030924
摘要
Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) do not express estrogen receptor (ER), HER2/neu, or progesterone receptor (PR) and generally have a poor prognosis with elevated chances of recurrence. They constitute about 15% of breast cancer patients. TNBC, when diagnosed at stage II, has a recurrence of about 60%, while the risk of recurrence for a hormone receptor-positive cancer is about 10-20%. This particular breast cancer has no targeted treatment at the molecular level; unlike other subtypes of breast cancer, patients have only chemotherapy and radiation to rely on. They cannot benefit from endocrine therapy. Research based on cancer immunology and translational immunotherapy has been supported by early trial successes. However, major questions still exist concerning these therapeutic approaches in practice. Promising new therapies hold the potential to cure a wide range of tumor types, including those which cannot be treated with conventional therapies. A better insight into the immunogenicity of TNBC has resulted in clinical studies of various immunotherapeutic agents. This review focuses on current immunotherapies for TNBC, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, dendritic cell therapy, adoptive cell therapy, and oncolytic viral therapy.
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