Obstacle Detection in Self-Controlled Cars

Abstract: An autonomous car is a vehicle that can guide itself without human command and control. It is also known as a driverless car, self-driving car, unmanned vehicle, or robot car. Autonomous vehicles can perceive their surroundings (obstacles and track) and commute to their destination with the help of a combination of sensors, cameras, and radars. There is a basic need for a system that can detect obstacles and move in a pre-computed path, a system that can detect the obstacles that appear suddenly which may cause accidents. Therefore, the automatic obstacle avoidance vehicle is designed for obstacle detection and collision avoidance. The ultrasonic sensor is tuned to enable the real-time obstacle avoidance system for wheeled robots, allowing the robot to continuously sense its environment, avoid obstacles and move to its target area. The design requires an ultrasonic sensor (hcsr04) to detect the obstacle and determine its distance. This sensor module is placed on the front of the vehicle and mounted on a servo motor rotating in the direction of the sensor. The system includes a motor driving module and four dc wheel motors which are used to move the vehicle forward, reverse, left, right, and stop. The Arduino Uno microcontroller is mainly used to control the vehicle and achieve the desired detection and prevention