Magnetic nanomaterials for the removal, separation and preconcentration of organic and inorganic pollutants at trace levels and their practical applications: A review

• Magnetic nanoparticles based adsorbent have been used for the separation and pre-concentration of organic and inorganic pollutants. • Different pre-concentration and sample preparation techniques have been described including SMPE, SPE with real-time applications. • Benefits and Limitations of SPME have been well described with a number of current references. • This review also shows the Comparative study of SPME towards conventional SPE techniques. The presence of organic and inorganic pollutants in nature even in very small concentrations threatens human and other living bodies health and makes it significant to remove, separate and preconcentrate these pollutants. Recently magnetic nano sorbents has been used frequently in the separation and preconcentration of these pollutants. The use of magnetic nano sorbents modified with inorganic and organic species has widespread applications in the solid phase extraction (SPE) studies due to its many unique properties. These modified nano sorbents are preferred due to their advantages such as high adsorption capacities and large surface areas. This review examined different types of magnetic materials such as magnetic carbon-based nano sorbents, inorganic nano sorbents with magnetic properties, magnetized biosorbents, magnetic metal-organic frameworks, and magnetized ionic liquids used in SPE studies. In this study, a comprehensive and systematic review of the separation and preconcentration of analytes such as heavy metal ions, drug active substances, pesticides, dyes, hormone disruptors, etc with SPE methods using magnetic nanomaterials has been revealed. Future aspects and challenges that may be encountered are discussed.