Chili Pepper as a Natural Therapeutic Drug

As a spice, flavor enhancer, vegetable, and ingredient in herbal medicine, Capsicum spp. are significant. Numerous compounds found in different chili pepper geno-types have been identified and described, along with their medicinally significant effects. The main phytochemicals found in chili pepper fruits are capsaicinoids, carotenoids, vitamins, and flavonoids like anthocyanins. The most significant class of phytochemicals are capsaicinoids, which are spiciness-inducing analogs of capsinoids. Capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin play a significant role in establishing pungency and therapeutic characteristics. In-depth research on the phytochemicals in chili pepper fruits using mice models and human cell lines has revealed a variety of anticancer effects on leukemia, myeloma, and other digestive tract carcinomas. Chili peppers also have antioxidant, antibacterial, anticholesteremic, anticlotting, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties. In order to give a thorough evaluation of the phytochemical profile and therapeutic benefits of chili pepper, this review was put together. Collectively, many research studies completed to date have shown the potential medical relevance of chili pepper for the creation of herbal medicines and to plan more investigations to reveal other hitherto unrecognized medicinal benefits.