Creating Biomimetic Bouligand Architectures for Biomedical and Healthcare Applications

ABSTRACT The hierarchical Bouligand structure, ubiquitous in organisms and endowing natural creatures with exceptional performance attributes, stands as a prime example of nature's evolutionary prowess. Following the example of nature, the construction of biomimetic Bouligand structures will significantly propel advancements and innovations within the domain of biomedical and healthcare applications. In this review, we summarize cutting‐edge research progress of biomimetic Bouligand architectures. Firstly, the natural Bouligand structures in animals, plants, and humans are introduced. On this basis, the relationship between properties and Bouligand structure is briefly discussed, including toughening mechanism, optical characteristics, and biological properties. Subsequently, the review details the construction strategies of the biomimetic Bouligand architectures, covering a variety of methods such as self‐assembly, biomimetic mineralization, shear brushing, electrostatic spinning, and 3D printing. Finally, the utilization of biomimetic Bouligand architectures in biomedical and healthcare fields, especially for bone regeneration, tooth repair, body protection, and biosensor transmission, is discussed in detail. Despite the significant theoretical advantages of Bouligand structure, its feasibility in biomedical and healthcare applications still remains in its infancy. We eagerly anticipate the future development of biomimetic Bouligand architectures with superior performance, tailored to clinical scenarios and health needs, thereby fulfilling the grand vision of “inspiration from nature and giving back to life.”