Comprehensive Review on Bimetallic (Ni and Co)-Chalcogenides and Phosphides with Three-Dimensional Architecture for Hybrid Supercapacitor Application

Advancement in energy storage technologies is directly related to social development. As an advanced energy storage technology, supercapacitors (SCs) have gained significant attention owing to their exceptional performance in terms of energy density and power density. Electrodes are the most important components of a supercapacitor cell; thus, this review primarily deals with various types of transition metal-based electrodes. Specifically, bimetallic nickel and cobalt (NiCo)-chalcogenides and phosphides have received great attention due to their preeminent specific capacitance, tunable electronic structure, redox chemistry, presence of multiple oxidation states, and morphological tenability. However, applications of these materials in practical applications are hindered by their volumetric expansion during charge/discharge, low rate-capability, and low cyclic stability. This review highlights the advancement of three-dimensional (3D) NiCo-chalcogenides and phosphide electrodes over two-dimensional (2D) electrodes as the structure tends to improve electrocatalytic activity and stability in NiCo-based hybrid devices. Researchers have developed a number of modifications to obtain optimized, enhanced energy density and power density of these materials. In addition, advances on metal organic framework (MOF)-derived 3D architecture NiCo-chalcogenides and phosphide electrodes for SCs are discussed in detail, and their performances are also summarized. This report also outlines major challenges and some of the issues for increasing the performance of SCs, and future research perspectives are suggested.