耳蜗
黑素细胞
黑色素
内耳
生物
电生理学
突变体
细胞生物学
解剖
神经科学
生物化学
遗传学
基因
黑色素瘤
出处
期刊:Pigment Cell Research
[Wiley]
日期:1999-12-01
卷期号:12 (6): 344-354
被引量:109
标识
DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0749.1999.tb00518.x
摘要
Intermediate cells in the stria vascularis of the mammalian cochlea are melanocytes, which contain melanin pigments and are capable of synthesizing melanin. These melanocytes are required for normal development of the cochlea, as evidenced by studies of mutant mice with congenital melanocyte anomalies. Melanocytes are also needed for developed cochleae to function normally, as evidenced by studies of mutant mice with late-onset melanocyte anomaly and humans with acquired melanocyte anomaly. Melanin, per se, does not seem to be essential for normal hearing function, but it may protect against traumata to the cochlea, e.g., noise and ototoxic aminoglycosides. Recent electrophysiological studies have revealed that strial intermediate cells are provided with specific ionic channels, such as inwardly rectifying K+ channels (Kir4.1) and voltage-dependent outwardly rectifying K+ channels. These channels may play central roles in strial function and thus in normal hearing.
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