Voltage-mode electronically tunable universal filter employing single CFTA

An electronically tunable universal filter configuration which employs a single new active device namely current follower transconductance amplifier (CFTA) and four passive components is described. The presented circuit can be configured to realize all the five standard biquadratic filter functions; lowpass, bandpass, highpass, bandstop and allpass, without changing the circuit configuration. The filter also provides the advantage features of the use of only one active component and minimum number of passive components, and independent electronic tuning of the natural angular frequency (ω o ) and bandwidth (BW), as well as low active and passive sensitivities.