急性呼吸窘迫综合征
医学
支气管肺泡灌洗
弥漫性肺泡损伤
肺
急性胰腺炎
低氧血症
肺炎
肺水肿
败血症
急性呼吸窘迫
病理
胃肠病学
内科学
作者
Daniela Mokrá,Petra Košútová
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.resp.2014.10.006
摘要
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and its milder form acute lung injury (ALI) may result from various diseases and situations including sepsis, pneumonia, trauma, acute pancreatitis, aspiration of gastric contents, near-drowning etc. ALI/ARDS is characterized by diffuse alveolar injury, lung edema formation, neutrophil-derived inflammation, and surfactant dysfunction. Clinically, ALI/ARDS is manifested by decreased lung compliance, severe hypoxemia, and bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. Severity and further characteristics of ALI/ARDS may be detected by biomarkers in the plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (or tracheal aspirate) of patients. Changed concentrations of individual markers may suggest injury or activation of the specific types of lung cells-epithelial or endothelial cells, neutrophils, macrophages, etc.), and thereby help in diagnostics and in evaluation of the patient's clinical status and the treatment efficacy. This chapter reviews various biomarkers of acute lung injury and evaluates their usefulness in diagnostics and prognostication of ALI/ARDS.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI