医学
安慰剂
置信区间
围手术期
不利影响
麻醉
随机对照试验
交叉研究
重症监护室
机械通风
体外循环
统计显著性
心脏病学
内科学
外科
病理
替代医学
作者
Evgenij Potapov,Dan M. Meyer,Madhav Swaminathan,Michael Ramsay,Aly El Banayosy,Christoph Diehl,Bryan Veynovich,Igor D. Gregorič,Marian Kukucka,T. Gromann,Nándor Marczin,Kanti Chittuluru,James Baldassarre,Mark Zucker,Roland Hetzer
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.healun.2011.03.005
摘要
Used frequently for right ventricular dysfunction (RVD), the clinical benefit of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is still unclear. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial to determine the effect of iNO on post-operative outcomes in the setting of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) placement.Included were 150 patients undergoing LVAD placement with pulmonary vascular resistance ≥ 200 dyne/sec/cm(-5). Patients received iNO (40 ppm) or placebo (an equivalent concentration of nitrogen) until 48 hours after separation from cardiopulmonary bypass, extubation, or upon meeting study-defined RVD. For ethical reasons, crossover to open-label iNO was allowed during the 48-hour treatment period if RVD criteria were met.RVD criteria were met by 7 of 73 patients (9.6%; 95% confidence interval, 2.8-16.3) in the iNO group compared with 12 of 77 (15.6%; 95% confidence interval, 7.5-23.7) who received placebo (p = 0.330). Time on mechanical ventilation decreased in the iNO group (median days, 2.0 vs 3.0; p = 0.077), and fewer patients in the iNO group required an RVAD (5.6% vs 10%; p = 0.468); however, these trends did not meet statistical boundaries of significance. Hospital stay, intensive care unit stay, and 28-day mortality rates were similar between groups, as were adverse events. Thirty-five patients crossed over to open-label iNO (iNO, n = 15; placebo, n = 20). Eighteen patients (iNO, n = 9; placebo, n = 9) crossed over before RVD criteria were met.Use of iNO at 40 ppm in the perioperative phase of LVAD implantation did not achieve significance for the primary end point of reduction in RVD. Similarly, secondary end points of time on mechanical ventilation, hospital or intensive care unit stay, and the need for RVAD support after LVAD placement were not significantly improved.
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