Endotoxin neutralization activity (ENA) of bovine plasma and bovine Immunoglobulin (IgG)‐rich fractions as compared to human plasma

Translocation of endotoxin and other bacterial components from the gut is an important source of inflammation. A novel source of proteins with potential ENA is edible serum bovine immunoglobulin (SBI). SBI is >;50% IgG and has GRAS (generally recognized as safe) status, permitting its use in clinical nutrition. This study compared the ENA of 4 test materials: human plasma (n=4); bovine plasma (n=4); purified human IgG (n=2); and SBI (n=7). Endotoxin B55:05 at 400 EU/ml was added to serial dilutions of the test materials and incubated. Post incubation samples and controls were assayed for LPS recovery. Response curves were generated and endotoxin neutralization capacities (ENC 50 ) were calculated for each test material. A simple t‐test compared test materials ENA and ENC 50 . The expected curvilinear response for ENA of human plasma, bovine plasma and SBI samples was observed. Human IgG did not effectively neutralize endotoxin in this assay. The ENA of bovine plasma and SBI was not significantly different from human plasma (P< 0.10). Calculated ENC 50 (mg) of human plasma, bovine plasma and SBI was similar at 0.107±0.035, 0.089±0.053, and 0.129±0.044, respectively. The LAL assay can be used to assess ENA and ENC of both human and bovine plasma. SBI is a potential source of ENA with a similar level of ENC 50 to human plasma. The use of SBI in clinical nutrition to preserve ENC merits research. This study was funded by Entera Health.