软木
木质素
纤维素
木聚糖
裸子植物
生物净化
细胞壁
半纤维素
多糖
次生细胞壁
聚合物
化学
高分子科学
化学工程
材料科学
有机化学
植物
复合材料
生物炼制
生物化学
原材料
生物
工程类
作者
Oliver M. Terrett,Jan J. Lyczakowski,Li Yu,Dinu Iuga,W. Trent Franks,Steven P. Brown,Ray Dupree,Paul Dupree
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41467-019-12979-9
摘要
Economically important softwood from conifers is mainly composed of the polysaccharides cellulose, galactoglucomannan and xylan, and the phenolic polymer, lignin. The interactions between these polymers lead to wood mechanical strength and must be overcome in biorefining. Here, we use 13C multidimensional solid-state NMR to analyse the polymer interactions in never-dried cell walls of the softwood, spruce. In contrast to some earlier softwood cell wall models, most of the xylan binds to cellulose in the two-fold screw conformation. Moreover, galactoglucomannan alters its conformation by intimately binding to the surface of cellulose microfibrils in a semi-crystalline fashion. Some galactoglucomannan and xylan bind to the same cellulose microfibrils, and lignin is associated with both of these cellulose-bound polysaccharides. We propose a model of softwood molecular architecture which explains the origin of the different cellulose environments observed in the NMR experiments. Our model will assist strategies for improving wood usage in a sustainable bioeconomy.
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