In Vitro Color Stability of Bleached Teeth Using Peroxide-Free Bleaching Gel, Carbamide Peroxide and Hydrogen Peroxide

Abstract This in vitro study investigates the effects of various bleaching agents on the color stability of extracted human teeth in two different staining media, Pepsi and saffron. Twenty human incisors were randomly allocated into four groups: a control group that was not treated with bleach, two groups treated with different concentrations of carbamide peroxide (22% and 16%), and a group treated with a peroxide-free bleaching agent containing phenolmidoperoxycaproic acid (PAP). Color measurements were taken at baseline, after bleaching, and following staining with either Pepsi or saffron. Statistical analysis revealed the bleaching treatments significantly affected the color, with the PAP-based bleaching agent demonstrating the lowest level of color change. Post hoc analysis confirmed significant differences between all pairs of groups, with Group 4 (PAP-based) showing the lowest mean color change. The study highlights the efficacy of peroxide-free bleaching agents and underscores its potential as a safe and effective alternative to traditional peroxide-based bleaching agents. Limitations include the in vitro nature of the study and the relatively small sample size. Future research should explore the long-term effects of different bleaching agents and staining conditions on safety and tooth color stability.