Diabetes, Cognition, and Mortality

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common multisystemic illness that can cause potentially devastating outcomes and has increased in prevalence over the last few decades. 1 Tomic D Shaw JE Magliano DJ The burden and risks of emerging complications of diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2022; 18: 525-539 Crossref PubMed Scopus (78) Google Scholar DM is considered as a major public health concern of the 21st century. DM can result in both macrovascular (coronary heart disease, strokes, and peripheral arterial disease) and microvascular (diabetic kidney disease, retinopathy, and peripheral neuropathy) complications. Among individuals with DM, heart failure increases the risk of mortality. Available evidence indicates that with improved management of DM, vascular disease is no longer the most common reason for death among these people. Emerging evidence indicates that cancer is now most common reason for death among individuals with DM in some countries. It has also been noted that the proportion of deaths due to dementia has risen over the last 2 decades among individuals with DM.