Tool wear on parallel turning of carbon steel bar

Tool wear has been a critical issue in production line nowadays. In turning process, tool wear can create parts that are out-of-tolerance and eventually cause tool failure. The repetition of machining work that subjects on the tool tip interface to a range of cutting environments to comparatively evaluate their effect on tool life. The efficiency of cutting tools can be evaluated based on certain parameters such as tool wear and surface roughness on the work piece. The objective of this project is to determine the best types of coolant and flowrate of coolant on tool wear and surface roughness during turning of high-carbon steel AISI 1065, cold drawn, high temperature with Ti-N coated carbide tool. Furthermore by using straight cutting oil (oil based coolant), water based coolant, and pure water as the coolant on the machining process, the three types of coolant are compared to evaluate the most effective coolant which resulting the less tool wear will be the best coolant. Next, Quadra-Chek 300 Series optical comparator was used to observe and measure the tools wear microstructure occurs on the tool after the turning process by using different types of coolant. For surface roughness test, on surface texture of work pieces that have been machined Perthometer was used. Then, the less surface roughness values were indicated the best coolant. Lastly, the best coolant that suitable use for constant cutting speed 160 m/min, depth of cut 1.5 mm and feed rate 0.22 mm/ rev for material high-carbon steel AISI 1065, cold drawn, high temperature be resulted. The result indicated in general, oil based coolant performed better than other two coolants in reducing the tool wear and improving the surface finish. Oil based coolant has been used as one of the cutting fluids in this work because of its thermal and oxidative stability which is being comparable to other water based coolant and pure water used in the metal cutting industry.