Keeping silent or playing good citizen? Differential mechanisms of negative workplace gossip on targets reactions

Purpose Based on the Sociometer Theory, this study aims to develop a comprehensive framework explaining how and when negative workplace gossip triggers distinct responses, including employee silence and compulsory citizenship behavior (CCB). Design/methodology/approach Two scenario-based experiments and a field survey were conducted to examine hypotheses. Study 1 ( N = 149) manipulated workplace negative gossip and assessed the mediating effects of state self-esteem. Study 2 ( N = 217) manipulated workplace negative gossip and consideration of future consequences (CFC) to verify the stability of the mediating mechanism and test the moderating effect of CFC. Study 3 ( N = 321) tested the whole research model. Findings The findings indicate that negative workplace gossip decreases state self-esteem, resulting in silence among employees with low levels of CFC, while inducing CCB through state self-esteem among employees with high levels of CFC. Originality/value This study not only extends the research of negative workplace gossip by exploring its multifaceted impact on employee responses but also highlights the role of personality traits in shaping individuals’ response strategies.