Multi-primary-color light-emitting diode display schemes in terms of color gamut, blue light hazard, and circadian rhythm

By fully considering display characteristics, an innovative multi-primary-color light-emitting diode (LED) display scheme is proposed aimed at achieving wider color gamut coverage (CGC) and lower blue light hazard efficiency of radiation (BLHER) while meeting the requirements for melanopic efficacy of luminous radiation (MELR). The multi-verse optimizer algorithm is employed to optimize the peak wavelengths and luminous proportions of each primary color LEDs. Results show that when MELR is below 1.5, the BLHER is as low as 0.08, and the CGC exceeds 0.98 under the Rec.2020 standard for the multi-primary-color LED display, which is significantly outperforming BLHER of 0.16 and CGC of 89% for the three-primary-color LED display. Furthermore, it is demonstrated the four-primary-color LED display has slightly better performance in BLHER at night compared with the five-primary-color LED display scheme. As a result, when the number of primary colors reaches 4, the increase in the number of LEDs cannot significantly improve the display performance. Therefore, if the gamut area is not pursued very much, the four-primary-color LED display is the best display scheme with high-cost performance.