Optimization of aflatoxin B1 degradation in corn by Ganoderma sinense through solid-state fermentation

Corn is a staple cereal worldwide, but it is frequently contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) due to extreme weather or poor storage conditions. The consumption of AFB1-contaminated corn poses a significant health risk to humans and livestock. To address this issue, an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and efficient method for eliminating AFB1 from corn is needed. In this study, Ganoderma sinense strain Gs-1 with the ability to secrete laccase was used to ferment AFB1-contaminated corn to degrade AFB1. The degradation conditions of AFB1 in corn were optimized through single factor experiments and response surface methodology under solid-state fermentation. The optimal conditions for G. sinense to degrade AFB1 were 12 days of fermentation, a moisture content of 65.2% in the corn substrate, an inoculation amount of 5 mL of G. sinense culture (containing 51.85 mg of G. sinense mycelia), and a fermentation temperature of 27.9 °C. Under these optimal conditions, the degradation rate of AFB1 in corn reached 94.03% through solid-state fermentation with G. sinense. This study provides an economical, environmentally friendly, and efficient strategy for degrading AFB1 in corn, which has great application potential in the food and feed industries.