Implementing urban resilience in urban planning: A comprehensive framework for urban resilience evaluation

Urban resilience as a transformative approach has become a central paradigm to define urban policy for making cities resilient. This implementation has multifaceted implications, ranging from the employment of the correct resilience approach for urban systems to the definition of the appropriate assessment framework to address all urban resilience features. This paper addresses the implications concerning the new requirements and open research questions of urban resilience assessment for resilient development for cities. According to this purpose, this paper provides three literature reviews to explore and critically analyse the different approaches of resilience and the several definitions of urban resilience in academic and operative fields, to address the dimensions, multifaceted characteristics, and key factors to being evaluated within an urban resilience enhancement perspective. The result is a comprehensive framework that identifies the five dimensions of urban resilience (economy, society, environment, nature, and governance), the relative urban components, and nine urban resilience capacities that have to be included in the evaluation of urban resilience as a transformative approach. The main novelty and contribution of the proposed research is the obtained framework that can be used as a guideline to define a comprehensive evaluation approach to assess urban resilience in its implementation in urban planning as a transformative approach. The final aim of the proposed research is to support in an operational manner the development of suitable evaluation methods to investigate strategic strategies within the aim of urban resilience enhancement, through a complex and multidimensional perspective.