Illuminating Mouse Renal Proximal Tubule Architecture through High-Resolution Volume EM and Machine Learning Analysis

This study provides novel insights into proximal tubule cell organization, revealing specialized compartmentalization and unexpected connections between membrane-bound organelles. We identified previously uncharacterized structures, including mitochondria-plasma membrane bridges and an interconnected endocytic meshwork, suggesting mechanisms for efficient energy distribution, cargo processing, and structural support. Morphologic differences between 4 and 8 nm datasets indicate subsegment-specific specializations within the proximal tubule. This comprehensive open-source dataset provides a foundation for understanding how subcellular architecture supports specialized epithelial function in health and disease.